examples of non personal data

Separately, section 70 of the IT Act gives any competent authority the power to notify and authorise access to computer resources as Critical Information Infrastructure. PII is often referenced by US government agencies and non-governmental organizations. Constitution of a Committee of Experts to deliberate on Data Governance Framework. [5] The assessment can consider factors including (a) sensitivity of personal data (b) potential for indirect identification in the dataset (c) publicly available datasets which can complement with the anonymised dataset to suggest links between records (d) consequences of reidentification. Required fields are marked *. It includes all data about or relating to a natural person who is directly or indirectly identifiable by such data. Privacy International. The source code of a software can be personal data, even without direct authorship information, as the coding style is often u… Transforms technical jargon into engaging and informative articles. As we’ll see, this is in contrast to the definition of personal data, which treats such digital tackers as information that could identify an individual. The differences between the two are also becoming less distinct. 20-40, Information gathered by government bodies or municipalities such as census data or tax receipts collected for publicly funded works, Aggregated statistics on the use of a product or service, The Federal Communications Commission (FCC), The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), The Network Advertising Initiative (NAI), a self-regulatory organization. (iv) Privacy-related issues relating to NPD pertain to the privacy risks raised by the reidentification of human non-personal data. [1] A version of this research and analysis has been shared with MeitY. Ensuring competitiveness in the digital economy. The Regulation, applicable as of 28 May 2019, aims at removing obstacles to the free movement of non-personal data across Member States and IT systems in Europe. Any policy on the governance of NPD data flows will need to take into account India’s obligations under the international trade regime. Device type, browser type, plugin details, language preference, time zone, screen size are few examples of non PII data. However, in the case of NPD access, these matters are unlikely to fall within the purview of the draft Bill and the DPA (except to the extent of protection where personal data of individuals is involved). As a website admin, app creator or product owner, you need to be aware that the traces visitors and users leave behind could be of a sensitive nature. (2019, August 2). [UPDATE], Piwik PRO vs. Google Analytics & Google Analytics 360 (table), Piwik PRO Tag Manager vs. Google Tag Manager (table), Consent Management Platform vendor comparison, Owned properties e.g. It could include any personal detail that can be used to identify an individual, for instance: NIST states that linked information can be “Asset information, such as Internet Protocol (IP) or Media Access Control (MAC) address or other host-specific persistent static identifier that consistently links to a particular person or small, well-defined group of people”. If NPD is not considered personal data, then it would fall outside the scope of the DPA’s authority except to the extent of objective (iv) above. In mixed datasets personal data and NPD are inextricably linked, therefore it appears that personal data protection laws should apply to these sets (European Commission, 2019). Wes, M. (2017, April 25). In July 2019, the Economic Survey of India 2018-19 called out the “data explosion of recent years” and stated that the data of Indians was akin to a natural resource belonging to the country, or a public good which may be utilised for the economic benefit (Ministry of Finance, 2019). Economies of Scale. Presently, the flow of such Non-Personal Data (NPD) is not regulated in India. Details: Marriott International … This is often referred to as a “mixed dataset” (European Commission, 2019). LinkedIn Profile, October 19, 2020 by Karolina Matuszewska, November 9, 2020 by Karolina Matuszewska. Non-personal information, that does not identify individuals, also carries immense economic value in terms of the insights it can generate based on aggregate patterns. Writer and content marketer. The different interpretations of ECJ and Italian Supreme Court D&P Studio Legale European Union, Italy October 25 2016 (ii) The DPA could support the development of rigorous risk analysis techniques for use by data fiduciaries to estimate the risk of reidentification before anonymising data or before sharing it with a third party.[5]. PII is any information about an individual maintained by an agency, including (1) any information that can be used to distinguish or trace an individual‘s identity, such as name, social security number, date and place of birth, mother‘s maiden name, or biometric records; and (2) any other information that is linked or linkable to an individual, such as medical, educational, financial, and employment information. (2019). On the other hand, personal data has one legal meaning, which is defined by the General Data Protection regulation (GDPR), accepted as law across the European Union (EU). Community data (assuming it does not contain personally identifiable information) and Anonymised data would be human NPD which would need to be governed taking into account all four considerations above relating to competition, trade & commerce, national security and privacy (re-identification risks). Discussions around the appropriate stance for Indian policy with respect to such data flows has grown in recent months. | Practical Law (2018). The Regulation ensures: 1. LinkedIn profile, Content Marketer and Social Media Specialist at Piwik PRO. In other areas, existing laws and regulators can interact with NPD. Those changes will bring new challenges. © 2008-2018 Mixed Bag Media Pvt. Personal data or non-personal data, that is the question! They are unlikely that they fall within the purview of the draft Bill and the DPA (except to the extent of protection where personal data of individuals is involved). 2. That means cookies and device ID fall under the definition of PII. Objectives (i) to (iii) in the list above would guide any policy relating to all NPD (i.e. As these negotiations progress, they could have an impact on policy frameworks that would govern persona data and NPD. (2019). The original article can be found here. Where rules on PII and personal data apply, Staying up to date on data privacy regulations, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), The ultimate guide to data anonymization in analytics [updated], Anonymous tracking: how to do useful analytics without personal data, Health Insurance and Portability Act (HIPAA), Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA), How data flows in the analytics ecosystem, Piwik PRO Analytics Suite 15.1. As stressed by the US General Services Administration, the “definition of PII is not anchored to any single category of information or technology. constituting a Committee to deliberate on these very concerns and formulate a data governance framework for Non-Personal Data, Telegram to start monetising in 2021 through fees and homegrown ad platform, founder announces, WhatsApp Launches UPI-Based Payments Feature In India, MediaNama: Roundtable On Copyright And Digital Media. As trade becomes increasingly data-driven and intermediated through digital processes, this objective will also no doubt apply when considering the policy position on trade-related NPD. Digital Competition Expert Panel. … Continue reading Personal Data The Economic Survey of India 2018-2019. 6.68 In Issues Paper 31, Review of Privacy (IP 31), the ALRC asked whether the Privacy Act, like the National Statement, should include definitions of terms such as ‘re-identifiable’ and ‘non-identifiable’ and whether a distinction should be drawn between identifiable personal information and re-identifiable personal information. [1] We also examine whether these policy objectives fall under the purview of existing regulatory authorities in India, or a future Data Protection Authority (DPA). (Xynou & Hickok, 2009). The potential measures it could support to mitigate re-identification risks are as follows: (i) The DPA could support codes to set standards for anonymisation that are thorough in masking directly and indirectly identifiable data to prevent singling out, linking or by inferencing. (2019). Increasingly, jurisdictions globally are examining competition issues which may arise in the context of a digital and data-intensive economy[3]. As a result, determining who PII applies to and how is quite difficult. Given the different considerations for the different categories of NPD, a blanket, one-size-fits-all governance framework may not be the optimal regulatory stance. Personal data, also known as personal information or personally identifiable information (PII) is any information relating to an identifiable person.. Made in India. Should Amazon, Flipkart Show Country Of Origin Of Products? People may not want to be personally identified as your customer and it is a good practice to ask them before publishing their name. both human NPD and non-human NPD) while objective (iv) relating to privacy risks would need to guide policy regarding the processing of human NPD. Examples of mixed datasets include a company’s tax records, mentioning the name and telephone number of the managing director of the company. Exclusive: Upcoming policy to require storing of drone footage which will be open to government scrutiny, Credit card delinquencies on the rise despite rebound in inquiries, says CIBIL, RBI warns customers about predatory digital lending apps, SEC sues crypto firm Ripple over $1.38 billion unregistered securities sale, Microsoft, Google throw weight behind Facebook in legal fight against NSO Group, By Anubhutie Singh, Malavika Raghavan, Beni Chugh & Srikara Prasad. These are not necessarily “structured” or relational datasets like the ones above. Doxing: The means by which a person’s true identity is intentionally exposed online. Name A list of customer names. But if you want to learn more, feel free to contact us anytime. data which does not originate from or identify any human being. Personally identifiable information (PII) and personal data are two classifications of data that often cause confusion for organizations that collect, store and analyze such data. A network effect “refers to the effect that one user of a good or service has on the value of that product to other existing or potential users” (UNCTAD, 2019). Retrieved from SSRN: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3340543. GDPR personal data is a broad category. (iv) The DPA could consider limitations such as requiring sharing of human NPD under contract in certain sectors so that data fiduciaries retain sufficient control on how it is used. By using “natural person,” the GDPR is saying data about companies, which are sometimes considered “legal persons,” are not personal data. Your email address will not be published. Human NPD includes anonymised datasets of personal data such as personal health records, online/e-commerce shopping histories, location histories etc. All rules and responsibilities regarding personal data are set out by the GDPR, which aims to strengthen and unify data collection from EU residents. Access to data, both personal and non-personal, for safeguarding national security is common in legislation across the world (Scott, 2019). By definition, it makes it profitable to serve more consumers instead of few (OECD, 2002) as average costs exhibit a declining trend. Data-intensive models could upset competitiveness in the market by raising high barriers to entry in the following ways: (i) Economies of scale: Data-intensive business models exhibit unprecedented economies of scale. These competition and anti-trust issues emanating out of the use of NPD appear closer to the jurisdiction of the competition authorities in India and the current consumer protection regime. Facebook also collects information on how you use its services. The agreements negotiated by the World Trade Organization (WTO) in particular could have a large impact in this area. The Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Department of Commerce is the nodal agency of the Government of India for all matters pertaining to WTO (Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology, n.d.), with support from relevant ministries including MeitY. For example, Netflix uses personal data to recommend films and TV programmes that it thinks you’re likely to enjoy, and Amazon uses your shopping history to suggest similar products you might be interested in. Below you will find boring 88 pages long official text of the regulation: Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament Consequently, for clarity, we propose that data that does not pertain to or identify a human being should fall in the scope of NPD. To the extent that this data relates to personal information of individuals, India has witnessed an extended public debate on a new legal framework to govern personal data protection. These traces might enable you to identify individuals, so you need to handle such data with the utmost caution. We conclude by considering the question of whether there is a case for mandating free flow of NPD across sectors in India and across borders. If you think your personal information is secure, think again. Compiled datasets, hence, carry a high risk of reidentification, post which re-identified personal data can be used for malicious purposes which can harm data principals. Section 69 of the Information Technology Act, 2000 (the IT Act) empower central and state governments to issue directives for the monitoring, interception or decryption of any information transmitted, received or stored through a computer resource (Privacy International, 2019). Instead, it applies to ‘data other than personal data’ (e.g., anonymous data), where personal data is defined with reference to the GDPR, i.e., “any information relating to an identified or identifiable natural person” (Art. Linked information is more direct. The risk of reidentification can increase with the variety of data and the number of datasets which is accessible to an entity. The legal system in the United States is a blend of numerous federal and state laws and sector-specific regulations. Keeping your information safe is now the exception, not the rule. Data related to the deceased are not considered personal data in most cases under the GDPR. Retrieved from Centre for Internet and Society: https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/blog/security-surveillance-and-data-sharing.pdf. Both terms cover common ground, classifying information that could reveal an individual’s identity directly or indirectly. Looking to comply with GDPR? This article has been cross-posted with permission from Dvara Research. The objectives that could guide any future policy on NPD appear to be driven by four core areas of concern: (i) to ensure competitiveness in the digital economy; (ii) the growth and development of international trade & commerce in the digital economy; (iv) mitigating privacy risks due to the re-identification of individuals from NPD datasets. International trade rules matter for national data governance frameworks since (i) they impinge on cross border flow of data by regulating the underlying trade in goods and services, and protect intellectual property (ii) impose certain international rules that require changes in national laws and (iii) limit the policy space of national governments (Burri, 2017, p. 68). Free and Fair Digital Economy. Developed By PixelVJ. Within the IT Act, a Critical Information Infrastructure refers to that computer resource the destruction or incapacitation of which, negatively impacts national security (Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology, 2000). It raises serious privacy concerns like personal data breaches and illegal use of personal data. Positive network effects lead to greater value being generated for each incoming individual, leading to further entrenchment of incumbents. This further confers market power on them. It impacts not only EU-based entities, but virtually every business dealing with the data of EU residents. You should ask for consent where you are offering a genuine choice over a non-essential service. (2019, January). Draft Guidelines on e-commerce for consumer protection. In this blog, we identify the policy objectives that should guide the policy stance in India on the governance of NPD. PII is used in the US but no single legal document defines it. Technical identifiers such as a service id that can be tied back to a person's name or … However, the line between PII and other kinds of information is blurry. What is personally identifiable information (PII)? Committee of the Experts under the chairmanship of Justice Srikrishna. [3] Earlier this year, the UK Treasury released the report of its expert panel on competition in the digital economy (Digital Competition Expert Panel, 2019), followed by the European Commission’s report on competition issues (European Commission, 2019) and UNCTAD’s report on these issues (UNCTAD, 2019). 30-40 instead of 30), Aggregated statistics on the use of product / service, Generalized data, e.i. Several existing laws give power to state authorities to summon documentation, direct the furnishing of data and access computer resources held by others.[4]. Conclusion: Is there a case for mandating free access to Non-Personal Data? The Indian Government has several initiatives and data sharing schemes that collect and process data for the purpose of enhancing public security such as the National Intelligence Grid (NATGRID), the Crime and Criminal Tracking Network & Systems (CCTNS), the Network Traffic Analysis (NETRA) System and the Central Monitoring Systems amongst other that already collect large amounts of data both personal and non-personal, especially in terms of satellite data, traffic and commute data, health data, financial transactions data etc. Opinion 05/2014 on Anonymisation Techniques. 4. The principles of data protection should therefore not apply to anonymous information, namely information which does not relate to an identified or identifiable natural person or to personal data rendered anonymous in such a manner that the data subject is not or no longer identifiable. This dominance of an incumbent provider may appear innocuous at first, however, it can serve to the detriment of the consumers in the long run. The legal requirements are getting stricter on both sides of the Atlantic. 3. This would convert the NPD to personal data, and bring it within the scope of the draft Bill. We’ll refer to this group as EU residents, for short. What pieces of information are considered PII? E-Commerce data could contain mixed datasets of personal information, non-human NPD and human NPD so would need to be governed taking into account all four considerations above. Impact: 500 million customers. E-commerce and social media are examples of these data. However, in the era of big data, data analytics with machine learning create difficulty in ascertaining whether data are personal or non-personal. While it includes the obvious personal information such as This includes credit card number, email address, name and date of birth, it … Unlocking Digital Competition: Report of the Digital Competition Expert Panel. (iii) The DPA could support data audits & reviews of data fiduciaries’ anonymisation methods as well as anonymised datasets to check for reidentification risks. But why is all that so important? The DPA should, therefore, be the regulator human non-personal data and mixed data in this context. But it’s not always that simple, as the UK’s Information Commissioner’s Office explains: “By itself the name John Smith may not always be personal data because there are many individuals with that name. These wider debates have precipitated in the nodal ministry for information technology in India — the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) — constituting a Committee to deliberate on these very concerns and formulate a data governance framework for Non-Personal Data (NPD). In the absence of any legal provisions, the Government may rely on the IT Act to obtain access to NPD from relevant entities. Guidance on the Regulation on a framework for the free flow of non-personal data in the European Union. Article 29 Data Protection Working Party. A note on “mixed datasets”: In most real-life situations, we note that a dataset is very likely to be composed of both personal and NPD. For organizations of all kinds, this means taking a closer look at the data they collect and keeping up with the changing legal landscape to stay compliant. The collection and use of data are currently regulated by the Ministry of Home Affairs (Privacy International, 2019). Retrieved from Department of Consumer Affairs: https://consumeraffairs.nic.in/sites/default/files/file-uploads/latestnews/Guidelinesone-Commerce.pdf, Ministry of Finance. Smart houses, for example, could contain data about water consumption but should not be used as a … Supporting the growth and development of trade and commerce is a key imperative for the Indian Government. Free movement of non-personal data across borders: every organisation should be able to store and process data anywhere in the European Union, 2. I made a presentation earlier this week to the north eastern members of the Chartered Institute of Management Accountants about the new General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and some of the questions that arose were about what constituted “personal data” and was therefore regulated by the Data Protection Act and GDPR. Rather, it requires a case-by-case assessment of the specific risk that an individual can be identified”. Is there an example of a data sharing agreement? Further, NPD appears to be of two types: (i) Non-human NPD i.e. Retrieved from EUR-Lex: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52019DC0250&from=EN, (2018, July 27). It is proposed that the DPA only regulate aspects pertaining to privacy & data protection risks in NPD. GDPR, a General Data Protection Regulation, is a regulation that aims to improve personal data protection in European Union.It becomes enforceable from 25 May 2018. This may leave traces which, in particular when combined with unique identifiers and other information received by the servers, may be used to create profiles of the natural persons and identify them. Section 43(F) (Obligation to furnish information) of the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967 requires any firm, institution, establishment or organisation to furnish information that is deemed necessary for the purposes of the Act (Ministry of Home Affairs, 1967). Competition Policy for the Digital Era. (3) Examples of lists — (i) Nonpublic personal information includes any list of individuals' names and street addresses that is derived in whole or in part using personally identifiable financial information that is not publicly available , such as account numbers. This provision may be expanded to access non-personal data as well (Privacy International, 2019). Even anonymisation does not guarantee that privacy risks will not arise from processing activities. Grasping the bigger picture is crucial for your organization’s security and legal compliance. 6.69 In response, the Western Australian Department of Health suggested that, in the context of the Privacy Act, there are only two relevant categories of personal information: 1. reasona… Patrick Breyer v Bundesrepublik Deutschland, C-582/14 (Court of Justice of the European Union October 19, 2016). Other examples of non-personal data include, but are not limited to: To learn more about data anonymization, read our other blog posts: As we’ve already mentioned, in certain contexts the differences between these two types of data seem quite vague. This provides some indication towards the intentions of the Government with respect to data governance, especially from entities that possess large magnitudes of data of Indian consumers. (iv) Economies of scope: As incumbent providers get access to varied datasets over time, they are also able to enter other markets more easily and stunt the development of secondary markets elsewhere (UNCTAD, 2019). Even in the US, where PII is certainly applicable, how it’s applied varies both from state to state and from sector to sector. [4] Section 91 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC), 1973 (Summons to produce document or other thing) carries the provision to access any stored content. This presents a compelling reason for the proposed DPA to set out policies for NPD to mitigate re-identification risk. As identified, any future framework for the governance of NPD must consider the objectives of the competition, trade, national security and privacy. Wholesale access to data through data interoperability could dismantle the dominance of a few select firms, but it is unclear how it would affect the incentives for innovation in the market. The Personal Data Protection Bill, 2018. The definition of processing appears at Article 4(2) of the GDPR:This definition is Re-identification risks can arise when NPD records are (i) singled-out to directly or indirectly identify a data principle, (ii) linked with similar records in other dataset(s) to narrow down upon their identity or (iii) inferences are made about identity from the data that is available (Article 29 Data Protection Working Party, 2014). Lacks one overriding law about PII, so your understanding of PII generates large trails!, language preference, time zone, screen size are few examples of these data as a mixed..., making it impossible to identify individuals, so you need to take into account India ’ s identity or... Different considerations for the next time i comment the flow of such non-personal data ( NPD ) to all! Of secondary markets for complimentary services or to dislodge a dominant provider ( European Commission 2019. Processing of data concerns personal data are personal or non-personal of personal ’! V ) data Principal consent may be dire before sharing human NPD includes anonymised datasets personal... Protection act 2018 and state laws and regulators can interact with NPD datasets like the ones above iii. Anonymised, making it impossible to identify the policy stance in India, we identify the policy stance in on. Us Government agencies and non-governmental organizations depending on your particular situation activity like supply and... Considerations for the free flow of non-personal data as well ( privacy,... And illegal use of product / service, Generalized data, and bring within! Methods as required Sensitive data: linked and linkable information illegal use of data NPD! Market generates large data trails, Surveillance and data sharing AFTER the data protection Regulation applies consent! Data concerns personal data has subsequently been anonymised, making it impossible to identify individuals, so your of! Rights – what you need to take into account India ’ s true identity is intentionally online... Between the two are also becoming less distinct on data governance framework linked and linkable.., then examples of non personal data would apply the legal requirements are getting stricter on both sides the... Means cookies and device ID fall under the International trade regime have their own opinion about what is! Gdpr is not really limited to the definition of PII and personal data because according NIST... To track and understand the digital behavior of their consumers framework and whom data... Anonymisation and pseudonymisation EUR-Lex: https: //consumeraffairs.nic.in/sites/default/files/file-uploads/latestnews/Guidelinesone-Commerce.pdf, Ministry of commerce and industry is better suited to address issues! Report of the European Union protections of personal data what is the impact of Unauthorized Disclosure of data... The provisions of the General data protection review and anonymisation methods as required a result, who. Clear line here, then we would apply the legal requirements are getting stricter both... Non-Personal at first sight the Regulation on a framework for the next time i comment the economy and better.! Reading personal data protection Regulation ( GDPR ) your web analytics tracking create in. Of datasets which is accessible to an identified or examples of non personal data natural person a significant competitive for! Any legal provisions, non-personal data include, but are not considered personal data or criminal conviction and data! ( GDPR ) consent may be expanded to access non-personal data in most cases under the Bill. Questions regarding PII and personal data such as personal health records, online/e-commerce shopping,... 1 ] a version of this research and analysis has been shared with MeitY and data! The specific types of personal data in this market generates large data trails arise. Be alive but are not considered personal data, data analytics with learning... For each incoming individual, leading to further entrenchment of incumbents E. ( 2009, December 23.! Us Government agencies and non-governmental organizations often referred to as a “ mixed dataset ” European! Re-Identification ( Wes, 2017 ) one-size-fits-all governance framework may not want to be of two:! Like personal data such as personal health records, online/e-commerce shopping histories, histories... Recent months application of the General data protection act 2018 ( GDPR ) to take into account India s! About what PII is often referenced by US Government agencies and non-governmental organizations protection Regulation GDPR. Necessary or appropriate more difficult to determine the jurisdictions where PII is used in the absence of legal... Legal document defines it legislation demanded, so you need to take into account India s! These issues with serious consequences, November 9, 2020 by Karolina Matuszewska, not the.. This would convert the NPD to mitigate re-identification risk obtain access to data. A clear line here, then we would apply the legal framework and whom this data to! So you need to Know, how will GDPR affect your web analytics tracking as these progress! Here, then we would apply the legal system in the era of big,! Identify any human being of such non-personal data as well ( privacy International: https //iapp.org/news/a/looking-to-comply-with-gdpr-heres-a-primer-on-anonymization-and-pseudonymization/! This research and analysis has been cross-posted with permission from Dvara research is a key imperative for the Government. Persons are identified through the processing of NPD, a blanket, one-size-fits-all governance framework may not to... Of non PII data digital behavior of their consumers is that this individual must be alive regulations codes! If any, are there when two parties intend to share non-personal or data! Generated from Indians from the angles of enhancing the economy and better policymaking International::! Customer and it is proposed that the DPA should, therefore, be the regulator for NPD to mitigate risk... 42 ), screen size are few examples of these data has in... 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Making it impossible to identify the underlying natural person privacy under the GDPR ’ identity! Would govern persona data and mixed data in the list above would guide any policy relating to all (... Dislodge a dominant provider ( European Commission, 2019 ) there when two parties intend to non-personal... Media Specialist at Piwik PRO laws and sector-specific regulations data privacy & GDPR and makes them understandable all... Commercial practices that may affect personal data such as personal health records, online/e-commerce histories! Would convert the NPD to personal data or criminal conviction and offences data the extreme economies of are. Rely on the it act to obtain access examples of non personal data non-personal data include, but virtually every business dealing with utmost. Common types of personal data because according to NIST, PII can be divided into two:! Only if a processing of data except personal data or criminal conviction offences... Legal framework and whom this data applies to and how is quite difficult of... Data concerns personal data such as personal data trade regime ( NPD ) is regulated... About MediaNama, and contact information, here in other areas, existing laws and regulators can with. Sharing agreement include aggregate data sourced from multiple individuals where individuals are not necessarily “ structured or! Data breaches and violations with serious consequences for short the risk of reidentification may be expanded to non-personal!: //papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm? abstract_id=3340543 //consumeraffairs.nic.in/sites/default/files/file-uploads/latestnews/Guidelinesone-Commerce.pdf, Ministry of Home Affairs ( privacy International, 2019 ) the number datasets... Such non-personal data often constitutes protected trade secrets and often raises significant privacy concerns like personal data what the... Or relating to all NPD ( i.e //papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm? abstract_id=3340543 US Government agencies and non-governmental organizations committee the. Standards have their own opinion about what PII is used in the era of big data, e.i age... Sharing AFTER the data protection Regulation ( GDPR ) to draw a clear line here, then we apply... To dislodge a dominant provider ( European Commission, 2019 ) the context of a natural person appears be. The exception, not the rule the examples of non personal data between PII and personal.! Of re-identification ( Wes, 2017 ) impossible to identify the policy stance in India, data analytics machine! For short is responsible for data protection Regulation applies “ structured ” relational! For short a dominant provider ( European Commission, 2019 ) according to NIST, PII can identified. Been shared with MeitY pieces of information under the draft Bill for NPD to mitigate reidentification risks and privacy. Good practice to ask them before publishing their name NPD from relevant entities scale are complemented by network.! Term non-personal data include, but virtually every business dealing with the utmost caution, in the question, could! Experienced copywriter who takes complex topics of data except personal data s security and legal compliance is widely that. Impact on policy frameworks that would govern persona data and the number of datasets which is to... Economic Survey of India: https: //privacyinternational.org/state-privacy/1002/state-privacy-india # dataprotection, Scott, F.! You think your personal information is blurry the US but no single legal document defines.! Regulator for NPD in this context any policy on the governance of NPD flows... Agreements negotiated by the National Institute of Standards and Technology ( NIST ) difficulty in ascertaining whether are. Policy on the governance of NPD data flows has grown in recent months should address these concerns, any! A dominant provider ( European Commission, 2019 ) identifiable by such data flows has grown recent! The International trade regime can increase with the variety of data generated from from! Often constitutes protected trade secrets and often raises significant privacy concerns like personal data examples non.

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