Post-independence, the country was home to a vibrant and innovative music scene, where native folk music combined with Ghanaian highlife, French cabaret, American rock, funk and soul, and Congolese rumba. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Young boys were often apprenticed to older soldiers, and taught the kingdom's military customs until they were old enough to join the army. Football is generally considered the most popular sport in Benin. Lexico's first Word of the Year! Traditional religions include local animistic religions in the Atakora (Atakora and Donga provinces), and Vodun and Orisha veneration among the Yoruba and Tado peoples in the center and south of the nation. The Benin Bronzes are a group of more than a thousand metal plaques and sculptures that decorated the royal palace of the Kingdom of Benin in what is now modern-day Nigeria. [22] Dahomey was also famous for instituting an elite female soldier corps, called Ahosi, i.e. Annual rainfall in the coastal area averages 1300 mm or about 51 inches. The economy of Benin is dependent on subsistence agriculture, cotton production, and regional trade. In 1899, the French included the land called French Dahomey within the larger French West Africa colonial region. [69], The Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research is responsible for implementing science policy. Benin translation in English-Hebrew dictionary Glosbe English Log in Cookies help us deliver our services. This includes Beninese Yoruba, which in Nigeria is written with both diacritics and digraphs. do for 1. a member of an Indigenous people of western Africa, in the Benin region of southern Nigeria. Mobile telephone service is available across the country through various operators. The national flag of Benin (French: drapeau du Bénin) is a flag consisting of two horizontal yellow and red bands on the fly side and a green vertical band at the hoist. The Oba title was created by Oba Oranmiyan, the first Oba of Benin Empire who is also a grand son of Oduduwa, the first Oni of Ile-Ife. In 1958, France granted autonomy to the Republic of Dahomey, and full independence on 1 August 1960, which is celebrated each year as Independence Day, a national holiday. In 1999, the previous six departments were each split into two halves, forming the current 12. [78] Félix Couchoro wrote the first Beninese novel, L'Esclave (The Slave), in 1929. [46] The foreign community also includes many Lebanese and Indians involved in trade and commerce. Benin had one of the highest death rates for children under the age of five in the world. Name adopted in 1975, formerly used of an African kingdom powerful in the 14th–17th centuries. the unfavorable organizational framework for research: weak governance, a lack of co-operation between research structures and the absence of an official document on the status of researchers; the inadequate use of human resources and the lack of any motivational policy for researchers; and. In 1991, it was replaced by the current multi-party Republic of Benin.[15]. Projects to improve the business climate by reforms to the land tenure system, the commercial justice system, and the financial sector were included in Benin's US$307 million Millennium Challenge Account grant signed in February 2006. After enslavement was abolished, France took over the country and renamed it French Dahomey. Rail transport in Benin consists of 578 km (359 mi) of single track, 1,000 mm (3 ft 3.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap} 3⁄8 in) metre gauge railway. Pidgin English is extremely popular in most parts of Africa, particularly West Africa, so learn a few expressions in Pidgin English before your trip and … [24] They also had a practice of killing war captives in a ceremony known as the Annual Customs. The volume of publications in this database tripled in Benin between 2005 and 2014 from 86 to 270. Behind the coast lies the Guinean forest-savanna mosaic-covered plateaus of southern Benin (altitude between 20 and 200 m (66 and 656 ft)), which are split by valleys running north to south along the Couffo, Zou, and Ouémé Rivers. The National Directorate of Scientific and Technological Research handles planning and coordination, whereas the National Council for Scientific and Technical Research and National Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters each play an advisory role. [32] Marxism–Leninism was abolished as the nation's form of government. Benin was ranked 18th out of 52 African countries and scored best in the categories of Safety & Rule of Law and Participation & Human Rights.[38]. [21], The Dahomey Kingdom was known for its culture and traditions. In 1999, Kérékou issued a national apology for the substantial role that Africans had played in the Atlantic slave trade.[35]. Many, however, continue to hold Vodun and Orisha beliefs and have incorporated the pantheon of Vodun and Orisha into Christianity. 1. a republic in W Africa, on the Bight of Benin, a section of the Gulf of Guinea: in the early 19th century a powerful kingdom, famed for its women warriors; became a French colony in 1893, gaining independence in 1960. [70], Benin has the third-highest publication intensity for scientific journals in West Africa, according to Thomson Reuters' Web of Science, Science Citation Index Expanded. How do you use Benin in a sentence? With the majority of the country living near the coast in low-lying areas sea level rise could have large effects on the economy and population. International Statistics at NationMaster.com", Communiqué du Conseil des Ministres du 22 Juin 2016 | Portail Officiel du Gouvernement Béninois, Bénin : liste des 12 nouveaux préfets et des chefs-lieux de départements, "Benin: Departments, Major Cities & Towns - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information", International Religious Freedom Report 2007: Benin, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, "Enquête Démographique et de Santé (EDSB-IV) 2011-2012", "An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm", "Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity - Supplementary Material", "The Lion in West Africa is Critically Endangered", "Benin - Market Overview | Privacy Shield", "Ecological Footprint Accounting for Countries: Updates and Results of the National Footprint Accounts, 2012-2018", "Serious violations of core labour standards in Benin, Burkina Faso and Mali", "OHADA.com: The business law portal in Africa", "One Applauds AU Malabo Declaration's Recommitment to Agriculture Transformation", "Bamako Initiative revitalizes primary health care in Benin", Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting: A statistical overview and exploration of the dynamics of change, 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1751(199706)12:1+3.0.CO;2-U, Akwamu – Encyclopedia Article and More from, Duo develops nonprofit organization, Baseball in Benin |, World Bank Benin 2010 Summary Trade Statistics, Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights, African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights, African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights, Community of Sahel–Saharan States (CEN-SAD), Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique, Prix des cinq continents de la francophonie, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Benin&oldid=1002316920, French-speaking countries and territories, Member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, Member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, States and territories established in 1960, CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2019, All articles with vague or ambiguous time, Vague or ambiguous time from February 2018, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2015, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles needing additional references from July 2018, All articles needing additional references, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Articles with dead external links from August 2019, Articles with permanently dead external links, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. In 2012, the project became a Biennial coordinated by the Consortium, a federation of local associations. The HIV/AIDS rate in Benin was estimated in 2013 at 1.13% of adults aged 15–49 years. The highest point, Mont Sokbaro, is at 658 m (2,159 ft). In Cotonou, the average maximum temperature is 31 °C (87.8 °F); the minimum is 24 °C (75.2 °F). By using our services, you agree to our use of cookies. Many Beninese in the south of the country have Akan-based names indicating the day of the week on which they were born. [62], The Paris Club and bilateral creditors have eased the external debt situation, with Benin benefiting from a G8 debt reduction announced in July 2005, while pressing for more rapid structural reforms. . [ 28 ] [ 29 ] lives on Benin 's National Fund for Scientific Research and Technological Innovation out... Benin existed between 1975 and 1990 independent of the executive and the subsequent transition democracy. 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